CramPuppy - Free Revision Notes » Igcse » Chemistry » Fertilisers
by: Admin
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Date: Sun, 21 May 2006 Time: 12:00 AM
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Fertilisers
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- The following are neccesary for the healthy growth of plants
- Nitrogen - protein manufacture, strong healthy leaves
- Phosphorous - root development
- Potassium - survival of frost and disease
Fertilisers are substances added to the soil to replace elements used up by plants. And are neccesary for the healthy growth of plants
Haber Process
- N2 + 3H2 <-> 2NH3
-
Its an exothermic reaction
-
Factors affecting dynamic equilibrium
- High pressure favours the side with least molecules
- Low temperature favours the exothermic reaction
Actual Conditions Used
- High pressure (200-400 atmospheres)
- Low temp. (450C)
- Iron used as catalyst
Where Raw Materials are gained
- Nitrogen from the air (Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide removed)
- Hydrogen by reacting steam with natural gas
Porcess
- Gasses fed into catalyst chamber
- uncreacted Nitrogen + Hydrogen (both insoluable) + Ammonia (soluable)
- All cooled, and you get liquid ammonia, leaving nitrogen and hydrogen gasses which are recycled
Nitric Acid
1)
- Oxidation of ammonia -> nitrogen dioxide
- ammonia + oxygen -> nitrogen dioxide + water
- 4NH3 + 7O2 -> 4NO2 + H2O
2)
-
Nitrogen dioxide + oxygen + water -> Nitric Acid
- 4NO2 + 3O2 + 2H2O -> 4NHO3
About the Author
by: Admin
Total views: 2197
Word Count: 739
Date: Sun, 21 May 2006 Time: 12:00 AM
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